SELECT 
  product_id, 
  group_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products 
WHERE 
  group_id IN (10)

Query time 0.00013

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost": 0.00487299,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_product_variation_group_products",
          "access_type": "ref",
          "possible_keys": ["idx_group_id"],
          "key": "idx_group_id",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["group_id"],
          "ref": ["const"],
          "loops": 1,
          "rows": 22,
          "cost": 0.00487299,
          "filtered": 100,
          "using_index": true
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Result

product_id group_id
278 10
279 10
280 10
281 10
282 10
283 10
284 10
2497 10
2498 10
2499 10
2500 10
2501 10
2502 10
2503 10
2504 10
2505 10
2506 10
2507 10
2508 10
2509 10
2510 10
2511 10